Usefulness of delta neutrophil index to predict neurologic outcome in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage

¹Department of Emergency Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
²Department of Research Affairs, Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
³Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
⁴Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

Correspondence

Hyuna Hwang ,Tel: 02-2019-3030, Fax: 02-2019-4820, Email: HYUNA07@yuhs.ac,

Received: June 25, 2020; Revised: October 5, 2020 Accepted: October 19, 2020. Published online: August 31, 2021.

ABSTRACT

Objective:
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a common emergency condition, resulting in high morbidity and mortality. The delta neutrophil index (DNI), which reflects the fraction of circulating immature granulocytes, is significantly associated with systemic inflammation after infection or sterile injury. Aneurysmal SAH also leads to systemic inflammation after a brain injury. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the DNI and poor neurologic outcomes in patients with aneurysmal SAH.
Method:
We retrospectively identified patients (>18 years old) with aneurysmal SAH consecutively admitted to the emergency department (ED) between January 1, 2011, and November 30, 2018. The diagnosis of aneurysmal SAH was confirmed using clinical and radiological findings. DNI was determined at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours after ED admission. The primary result was a poor neurologic outcome using the modified Rankin scale.
Results:
A total of 352 patients with aneurysmal SAH were included in this study. A multivariable logistic regression model revealed that a high value of DNI at 24 hours after ED admission was a strong independent predictor of poor neurologic outcome upon discharge (odds ratio [OR], 1.471; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.081-2.001; P=0.014). Among patients with aneurysmal SAH, DNI >1.0% at 24 hours was significantly associated with poor neurologic outcomes upon discharge (OR, 5.037; 95% CI, 3.153-8.044; P<0.001).
Conclusion:
DNI can be determined easily and rapidly after ED admission without any additional cost or time burden. A high DNI value at 24 hours after ED admission is significantly associated with a poor neurologic outcome upon discharge among patients with aneurysmal SAH.

Key words: Neutrophils; Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage; Inflammation; Prognosis